CAR: Heavy clashes reported in Bossembele and Bozoum Dec. 18. Increased security in Bangui.

Event

Heavy fighting between rebels and government-aligned forces has been reported in Bossembele, Ombella-M'Poko Prefecture, Dec. 18. Unconfirmed reports indicate that Bossembele may have been captured by militia after clashes with government forces and forces belonging to United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA). The rebels reportedly belong to the Retour, Reclamation and Rehabilitation (3R) militia led by General Abass Sidiki. Bossembele is located 152 km (94 miles) northwest of the capital Bangui along the RN1 highway.

Reports indicate that militia have also clashed with government forces in Bozoum, capital of the Ouham-Pende Prefecture, Dec. 18. Further information on the status of Bozoum is currently unavailable. Clashes have also been reported in Bambari, Kaga-Bandoro, Yaloke, and Zawa.

An increased security presence in the capital, Bangui, has been reported as of Dec. 18. Security forces could implement measures, including increased street patrols or a curfew if the situation deteriorates further. Security protocols will likely prompt localized transport disruptions in the city. Any clashes that materialize will likely have a significant impact on those operating in the affected area. Under such circumstances, threats to personal safety, and transportation disruptions are likely.

Rebel activity in Ouham-Pende and Ombella-M'Poko prefectures could disrupt cargo freight into the Central African Republic (CAR) from Cameroon. Supply disruptions could impact provisions and essential goods in Bangui. Militia could seize trucks that attempt to bypass their roadblocks.

Clashes could continue over the coming days.

Context

Pre-election tensions are currently elevated ahead of the planned elections Dec. 27. The constitutional court invalidated 78 candidates who had applied to stand in legislative elections, including former leader Francois Bozize, who returned to CAR in late 2019 after six years in exile. On Dec. 16, authorities issued a statement accusing Bozize of fomenting a "plan to destabilize the country." Unconfirmed reports indicate that the 3R militia have allied themselves with Bozize. In June, Abass ordered his 3R militia to suspend participation in the ongoing peace process with the government, and has repeatedly threatened to disrupt the election.

The increased militia activity Dec. 17-18 follows a threat by a rebel coalition to use any means necessary to disrupt the planned presidential and legislative elections Dec. 27, should the government refuse to consultation regarding provisions of the 2019 peace accord. The coalition includes 3R, the Unit for Peace in the Central African Republic (UPC) led by Ali Darassa, the Patriotic Movement for the Central African Republic (MPC) of Mahamat al-Khatim, the Popular Front for the Renaissance of Central African Republic (FPRC) of General Noureddine Adam, and several unspecified anti-balaka groups. Armed groups are seeking to capitalize on the planned elections to increase their pressure on the government or form alliances with political parties as part of efforts to achieve their aims.

Advice

Avoid the city until the security situation stabilizes; if operating in the area is unavoidable, remain vigilant and seek updated information about fighting before embarking on any destination in Ouham-Pende and Ombella-M'Poko prefectures. Leave the area immediately if fighting erupts nearby; heed authorities' orders and maintain contact with your host and diplomatic mission. Allow additional time for travel to mitigate possible security-related delays. Plan for communication and business disruptions if operating in areas affected by the internet outage. Consider alternative modes of communication.