Saudi Arabia, Qatar: Saudi Arabia and its allies sign an agreement with Doha, Jan. 5, ending a more than three-year-long dispute /update 1

Event

Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Bahrain, and Egypt signed a declaration at the 41st Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) summit in the Saudi city of Al-Ula, Jan. 5, ending the more than three-year-long diplomatic dispute with Qatar. The full contents of the agreement have yet to be made public; however, Saudi Arabia and its allies have stated that they will restore full diplomatic relations with Doha in order to promote regional security and stability.

Context

The official signing of the agreement comes a day after Kuwaiti Foreign Minister Ahmad Nasser Al-Sabah announced on Jan. 4 that Saudi Arabia was reopening its airspace, as well as land and sea borders, to Qatar beginning the evening of Jan. 4. The agreement and the end of the diplomatic dispute marks a significant shift in Saudi Arabia and its allies' posture toward Doha. The quartet - as Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Bahrain, and Egypt are known - imposed a naval, air, and land blockade on Qatar in June 2017 demanding that Doha fulfill a list of 13 demands, including the closure of Al Jazeera news network and degradation of ties with Iran. Qatar has not fulfilled any of the 13 demands; however, Doha will likely scale down its ties to groups like the Muslim Brotherhood and with Tehran.

The reopening of borders comes following several Gulf states' normalization of ties with Israel, which have been brokered by the US government. Kuwait and the US had since been engaged in efforts to mediate a solution to the political dispute.