Laos: Elevated dengue fever activity nationwide through June 2022

Event

Health officials have reported an increase in dengue fever activity in Laos where 4,087 cases have occurred from Jan. 1 to June 27. In the same period in 2021, authorities identified only roughly 400 cases. Official data indicates that transmission is increasing week-over-week and has likely not yet reached its peak. Vientiane is the most affected, reporting 2,145 cases, followed by Saravan province (572 cases), Attapeu (324 cases), and Sekong (220 cases). This report represents the complete data available as of June 28.

Context

Dengue fever is considered a year-round and nationwide risk in Laos, with the highest risk typically during the rainy season which falls May through September. Authorities reported approximately 1,400 cases nationwide in 2021 and 7,700 cases in 2020.

A dengue fever vaccine is available in some countries. It is only recommended for individuals with a history of dengue infection and in a country with high dengue fever burden. Dengue fever transmission happens through the bite of infected mosquitoes. Symptoms of dengue fever include a sudden onset of fever and at least one of the following: severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, muscle and/or joint pain, rash, easy bruising, and/or nose or gum bleeding. Symptoms typically appear 5-7 days after being bitten, but can also develop up to 10 days after exposure. Dengue fever can progress to a more severe form known as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF can be fatal if it is not recognized and treated in a timely manner.

Advice

If you have been previously infected with dengue fever, consult with your physician regarding vaccination. Avoid mosquito bites and remove standing water to reduce the number of biting mosquitoes. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop within two weeks of being in affected areas. Do not use aspirin or ibuprofen products if dengue fever is suspected, as these could exacerbate bleeding tendencies associated with the disease.