El Salvador: Elevated dengue fever activity reported nationwide during June

Event

Health officials in El Salvador have reported elevated dengue fever activity during June 2022, with at least 8,748 suspected cases reported as of June 18. This case count is significantly higher than the 2,021 cases observed during the same period of 2021. Most cases were reported from Sonsonate and San Salvador departments. This report represents the most complete information available as of July 4.

Context

Authorities reported 5,752 cases of dengue fever in El Salvador during 2021, and 5,450 cases in 2020. The risk of dengue fever transmission in El Salvador exists nationwide and year-round; however, the risk is highest during and immediately following the rainy season, which typically occurs May-October.

A dengue fever vaccine is available in some countries. It is only recommended for individuals with a history of dengue infection and in a country with high dengue fever burden. Dengue fever is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Symptoms of dengue fever include a sudden onset of fever and at least one of the following: severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, muscle and/or joint pain, rash, easy bruising, and/or nose or gum bleeding. Symptoms typically appear 5-7 days after being bitten but can develop up to 10 days after exposure. Dengue fever can progress to a more severe form known as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF can be fatal if it is not recognized and treated promptly.

Advice

If you have previously been infected with dengue fever, consult with your physician regarding vaccination. Avoid mosquito bites and remove standing water to reduce the number of biting mosquitoes. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop within two weeks of being in affected areas. Do not use aspirin or ibuprofen products if dengue fever is suspected, as these could exacerbate bleeding tendencies associated with the disease.