Pakistan: High temperatures forecast across much of the country through at least May 27

High temperatures are forecast to persist across much of Pakistan through at least May 27. The Pakistan Meteorological Department has warned that heatwave conditions are likely to develop over most parts of the country, especially over Punjab and Sindh provinces May 21 before intensifying into severe heatwave conditions May 23-27. Daytime temperatures of 4-6 C (7-11 F) above normal for the time of year are forecast over Sindh and Punjab provinces May 21-23 and over Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan provinces, Islamabad Capital Territory, and Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan administrative territories May 21-27. Daytime temperatures of 6-8 C (11-14 F) above normal are likely over Sindh and Punjab provinces May 23-27.

The high temperatures are likely to result in increased energy and water demand. Authorities are advising the general public to avoid unnecessary exposure to direct sunlight, and farmers to manage the watering of crops. Extreme dry heatwave conditions may trigger wildfires in the vulnerable areas of Punjab, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, and northeastern Balochistan provinces.

The extended period of oppressive heat and dry conditions may produce ideal circumstances for wildfire growth throughout the region. Heatwaves also pose a threat to vulnerable groups - such as the elderly, children, pregnant women, and those with respiratory illnesses - due to the increased possibility of heat stroke or heat exhaustion during prolonged exposure to high temperatures. These health risks could also extend to relatively healthy individuals during significant heatwave events. High temperatures can also cause problems for people using mass transit. The lack of air conditioning and cramped vehicles during rush hour may lead to the hospitalization of some passengers due to dehydration.

Very high temperatures may warp rail tracks and force passenger and freight trains to operate at reduced speed. Road surface damage is also possible, and overheated vehicles may worsen traffic problems in urban areas where congestion is already a problem. Commercial trucking disruptions might occur as very high temperatures put more stress on vehicles, making tire blowouts more common. Major flight disruptions are unlikely, but general aviation disruptions are possible, and some airfreight carriers could reduce cargo loads. High temperatures could lead to an increased demand for electricity, which might trigger localized brownouts or blackouts, exacerbating hazardous conditions when air conditioning is no longer possible.