Paraguay: Elevated dengue fever reported nationwide as of December 2020

Event

Health officials reported 160,096 suspected cases and 62,080 confirmed cases of dengue fever nationwide Jan. 1-Dec. 12, compared to only 9,599 suspected cases and 817 confirmed cases reported over a similar period in 2019. This represents the most recent data available as of Dec. 23. The most affected areas remain the departments of Asuncion, followed by Central.

Context

Officials reported 11,811 cases of dengue fever in 2019, approximately 32,560 cases in 2018, and 1,832 cases in 2017. Dengue fever transmission is highest November-March; the departments of Alto Parana, Amambay, Asuncion, Caaguazu, Canindeyu, and Paraguari, which are considered endemic areas, are most at risk.

A dengue fever vaccine is available in some countries. It is only recommended for individuals with a history of dengue infection and in a country with high dengue fever burden. Dengue fever is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Symptoms of dengue fever include a sudden onset of fever and at least one of the following: severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, muscle and/or joint pain, rash, easy bruising, and/or nose or gum bleeding. Symptoms typically appear 5-7 days after being bitten, but can develop up to 10 days after exposure. Dengue fever can progress to a more severe form known as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF can be fatal if it is not recognized and treated in a timely manner.

Advice

If previously infected with dengue fever, consult your physician regarding vaccination. Avoid mosquito bites and remove standing water to reduce the number of biting mosquitoes. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop within two weeks of being in affected areas. Do not use aspirin or ibuprofen products if dengue fever is suspected, as these could exacerbate bleeding tendencies associated with the disease.