India: Heatwave conditions are forecast to persist over southern, south-central, and western regions through at least May 3 /update 1

Heatwave conditions are forecast to persist across much of southern, south-central, and western India through at least May 3. Temperatures of around 42-45 C (108-113 F) have been observed in parts of Andhra Pradesh State and 40-42 C (104-108 F) in parts of Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Telangana in recent days; a further slight rise in temperatures is possible in parts of the affected area over the coming days.

The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has issued the following warnings over the affected area April 29-May 3:

• Red heatwave warnings (the highest level on a three-tier scale): Rayalseema Region in Andhra Pradesh April 30-May 3.

• Orange heatwave warnings: Coastal Andhra Pradesh and interior Karnataka April 29-May 3, Rayalseema Region in Andhra Pradesh and Kerala April 29, and Telangana April 30-May 3.

• Yellow heatwave/hot and humid warnings: Goa, western Gujarat, coastal Karnataka, coastal Maharashtra, Puducherry, and Tamil Nadu April 29-May 3, eastern Gujarat April 29-May 1, central Maharashtra and Telangana April 29, and Kerala April 30-May 3.

Authorities will likely amend advisories as weather conditions change over the coming days.

The extended period of oppressive heat and dry conditions may produce ideal circumstances for wildfire growth throughout the region. Heatwaves pose a threat to vulnerable groups - such as the elderly, children, pregnant women, and those with respiratory illnesses - due to the increased possibility of heat stroke or heat exhaustion. Relatively healthy individuals, especially those working outdoors or using mass transit, may also face health risks during significant heatwaves. The lack of air conditioning and cramped vehicles, particularly during rush hour, may lead to dehydration and other health issues in some passengers.

Very high temperatures may warp rail tracks and force passenger and freight trains to operate at reduced speeds. Road surface damage is also possible, and overheated vehicles may worsen traffic problems in urban areas where congestion is already a problem. Commercial trucking disruptions might occur as very high temperatures put more stress on vehicles, making tire blowouts more common. Major flight disruptions are unlikely at regional airports, but general aviation disruptions are possible, and some airfreight carriers could reduce cargo loads. High temperatures could lead to an increased demand for electricity, which might trigger localized brownouts or blackouts, exacerbating hazardous conditions when air conditioning is no longer possible.