Mozambique: Opposition calls for nationwide protests on Oct. 17 following contested election results /update 2

Event

The country's primary opposition party, the Mozambican National Resistance (Renamo), has called for nationwide protests on Oct. 17 following the municipal elections held on Oct. 11. Early results suggest that the ruling Liberation Front of Mozambique (Frelimo) party has won all but one municipality, with a smaller opposition party, the Democratic Movement of Mozambique (MDM), maintaining its majority in Beira. Renamo alleges voting was rigged, and has called for peaceful protests; the MDM has reportedly sought legal action against the vote. Though election day went along relatively peacefully, with minor delays reported in some localities, clashes were reported on Oct. 12 in Nampula, Niassa, and Maputo. Authorities reportedly have up to 15 days after the vote to announce the results.

Further protests are likely in the coming days, and authorities will likely maintain an increased level of security nationwide. Measures may include the deployment of checkpoints, increased patrolling near urban centers, border restrictions, and implementation of curfews. Protests and clashes between Frelimo, Renamo, and MDM supporters, as well as with security forces, are likely. Protests are especially likely in opposition-controlled municipalities. Disruptions to urban and intercity road travel, business operations, and telecommunications are likely amid significant bouts of civil unrest or preemptive security operations.

Context

Approximately 22 parties and civil society organizations ran for local mayoral and legislative positions. Frelimo previously controlled 44 municipalities; Renamo had eight, including Nampula and Quelimane, and MDM one in Beira. The government created twelve new municipalities for the 2023 ballot.

Frelimo has won every national election since the end of Mozambique's civil war, and besides some pockets of support for opposition parties, neither Renamo nor the MDM has proven able to challenge Frelimo. Elections have consistently been tainted with allegations of voter fraud by opposition parties and international observers. Election periods have consistently proven disruptive. Clashes between opposing supporters and with police are relatively common.

Advice

Exercise caution while operating in Mozambique, especially in opposition strongholds, including Maputo, Biera, Nampula, and Quelimane. Avoid all gatherings, political events, and election-related activities, as well as concentrations of security forces. Exercise caution near police offices, and government buildings. If clashes break out, leave the area immediately and take shelter in a secure, nongovernmental building. Monitor local news for updates on possible curfews or information on road conditions, as protestors may not announce actions in advance. Heed the advice of local authorities. If encountering police checkpoints, do not attempt to bypass security without authorities' permission.