21 Oct 2024 | 02:21 PM UTC
Nigeria: Elevated cholera activity reported nationwide in October
Elevated cholera activity reported nationwide in Nigeria in October. Use strict food and water precautions.
Health officials have reported elevated cholera activity across Nigeria, with 14,237 cases and 378 associated deaths reported Jan. 1- Oct. 13. This is compared to 3,683 cases reported in 2023. Disease activity is spread across 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). The country experienced two waves of cholera this year, with heavy rains and flooding driving the most recent surge during late September. The northern states, including Borno, Adamawa, Jigawa, Yobe, and Kano, have been the most affected by the recent surge. Local health officials urge the public to take preventive measures, including regular hand washing with soap and water, drinking clean water, and seeking immediate medical attention if cholera symptoms appear. This report represents the most up-to-date information as of Oct. 21.
Consult a travel medicine provider before departure regarding cholera vaccination. Practice strict food and water precautions. Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms develop within a week of being in affected areas.
Cholera is an endemic and seasonal disease in Nigeria, which occurs annually with increased risk during the rainy season and in areas with poor sanitation. Health authorities reported roughly 3,683 cholera cases in Nigeria in 2023, 23,763 cases in 2022, and 111,062 cases in 2021.
Cholera is transmitted directly through food or water contaminated with fecal material from an infected person. Most infected people develop no symptoms or only mild diarrhea. However, approximately one in 10 infected people develop severe cholera, which causes symptoms including profuse, watery diarrhea, vomiting, rapid heart rate, low blood pressure, muscle cramps, restlessness, or irritability. Symptoms typically appear 2-3 days after exposure but can develop up to 5 days after exposure. Individuals with severe cholera can develop acute renal failure, severe electrolyte imbalances, and coma. If left untreated, these can lead to shock and rapid death.
