Tonga: Further volcanic activity is likely at Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Volcano following a major eruption, Jan. 15 /update 3

Event

Further volcanic activity remains likely at the Hunga Tonga-Hunga-Ha'apai Volcano in the coming days following a major eruption, Jan. 15. The volcano is located around 65 km (40 miles) north-northwest of Nuku'alofa; the island the volcano is located on is uninhabited.

The eruption triggered various tsunami warnings, advisories, and statements, across the Pacific, including in Tonga. Tsunami waves of up to 1.2-1.5 meters (4-5 feet) struck Tonga's capital, Nuku'alofa. The city's north-facing areas were particularly badly impacted. Ash reportedly covers much of the city. Telecommunications in Tonga have been severely disrupted since Jan. 15. Internet service has been disrupted since Jan. 15. Accurate damage and casualty reports are unavailable, particularly outside of the capital. New Zealand and Australia plan to send surveillance flights over Tonga, Jan. 17; given a large amount of ash in the atmosphere, flights are reportedly not possible as of Jan. 16. The status of Fuaʻamotu International Airport (TBU) remains unclear; however, severe disruptions at the airport are likely, at a minimum.

Additional eruptions could cause gas emission, seismic activity, ash clouds, and landslides in the surrounding area. The volcano could emit gas and ash clouds over the coming days. Tsunamis could also be triggered should a significant volcanic event occur. Air, maritime, and ground travel disruptions are likely to persist for several days. Transportation services could be further impacted in the event of further eruptions or the emission of ash.

Volcanic activity may also impact air quality in the surrounding area. Following an explosive event, air quality could become a concern, particularly in areas near the crater. Individuals in the region - especially those with underlying pulmonary conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or lung cancers - may experience difficulty breathing and could suffer from lower tolerance to physical exertion.

Advice

Monitor local emergency broadcast channels. Charge essential electronic equipment when power is available. Maintain contact with your diplomatic representation. Reconfirm all transport arrangements. Review contingency plans. Shelter in place. Ensure windows and doors are closed. Minimize exposure to the ash cloud. Carry masks or face coverings and observe other precautions to avoid ash inhalation if operating in the affected area.

Resources

National Emergency Management Office (Facebook)
Tonga Meteorological Service
Tonga Government Portal (Facebook)
US Tsunami Warning System