Syria: Cholera outbreak ongoing nationwide through December /update 2

Event

Syrian health authorities reported an additional 15,061 suspected cholera cases across Syria Nov. 27-Dec. 10, bringing the total case count to more than 61,670 since Aug. 25. This includes at least 1,868 confirmed cases. Fourteen governorates are experiencing cholera activity, with most cases reported in Deir-Ez-Zor (20,103 suspected cases), followed by Idleb (14,142 cases), Ar-Raqqa (12,818 suspected cases), Aleppo (11,617 suspected cases), and Al-Hasakeh (2,307 suspected cases). At least 100 cholera-associated deaths have been reported representing a 0.2 case fatality rate as of Dec. 10. This represents the most complete data available as of Dec. 23.

Context

Cholera is transmitted directly through food or water contaminated with fecal material from an infected person. Most infected people develop no symptoms or only mild diarrhea. However, approximately one in 10 infected people develop severe cholera, which causes symptoms including profuse, watery diarrhea, vomiting, rapid heart rate, low blood pressure, muscle cramps, restlessness, or irritability. Symptoms typically appear 2-3 days after exposure but can develop up to 5 days after exposure. Individuals with severe cholera can develop acute renal failure, severe electrolyte imbalances, and coma. If left untreated, these can lead to shock and rapid death.

Advice

Consult a travel medicine provider before departure regarding cholera vaccination. Practice strict food and water precautions. Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms develop within a week of being in affected areas.