Iraq: Demonstrations marking Maj. Gen. Qassem Soleimani's death likely in Baghdad through mid-January

Event

Demonstrations and major political rallies marking the third death anniversary of Iranian Maj. Gen. Qassem Soleimani and prominent Iraqi Shi'a militia leader Abu Mahdi al-Muhadi remain likely in Baghdad through mid-January. The US government killed Soleimani and al-Muhandis near Baghdad International Airport (BGW) in a drone strike on Jan. 3, 2020.

Thousands of people participated in protests and rallies in Baghdad on Jan. 1, 2022. Protests, which will likely be organized by the Popular Mobilization Units (PMUs), will take on an anti-US tone, and protesters will likely demand the US withdrawal from Iraq.

Likely protests include the International (Green) Zone, public squares, government buildings, and foreign diplomatic missions, among other prominent demonstration sites. Vigils and rallies are also possible near the location of the attack, which will almost certainly cause road closures and transport and business disruptions. Iraqi security forces will almost certainly deploy to monitor all rallies and protests. Clashes are possible; security forces may respond to protest violence with rubber bullets, tear gas, and live rounds.

Context

Soleimani was the commander of the Quds Force, which is the external wing of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) that focuses on special and clandestine operations outside Iran. He was the main architect of Iran's military adventures and played a pivotal role in the country's activities in Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, and Yemen. Soleimani was also Iran's most formidable military leader. The US government justified the killing of Soleimani on the grounds that he was planning further attacks on American assets in Iraq and in the wider region.

Advice

Avoid all demonstrations due to possible clashes. Exercise caution near gatherings. Immediately leave the area and shelter in a secure, nongovernment building if violence erupts. Monitor local media for details concerning protest activity, as organizers may not announce plans in advance. Ensure sufficient time to travel in the affected areas. Confirm the availability of transportation; allow additional time to reach destinations. Plan for increased security and localized transport disruptions near demonstrations. Follow all police instructions. Do not attempt to photograph or take a video of demonstrations. Always carry proper identification; be polite and nonconfrontational if stopped at a security checkpoint or questioned by police.