Israel: Elevated pertussis activity reported in multiple areas, especially Jerusalem, through early June

Event

Israeli health officials have reported elevated pertussis activity across multiple districts, with more than 210 cases reported Jan. 1-June 1. Over a similar period in 2022, only 17 cases were reported. Jerusalem is the most affected, reporting the highest disease activity, followed by Tel Aviv. The Israeli Ministry of Health has implemented measures to improve vaccination coverage among unvaccinated children and is disseminating educational notices about the importance of vaccination. Health officials are also urging pregnant women to get vaccinated against the disease. This report represents the most complete data available as of June 21.

Context

Diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus (DPT) vaccination coverage in Israel is estimated at 98%, which is above the 92-94 percent required to prevent wider community transmission. The vast majority of cases are occurring in communities where vaccination rates are lower than in other areas. Health officials in Israel have reported roughly 28 pertussis cases in 2022, 57 cases in 2021, 776 cases in 2020, and 2,003 cases in 2019.

Pertussis - also known as "whooping cough" - is a very contagious viral disease that spreads through respiratory droplets created when an infected individual coughs, sneezes, or speaks. Symptoms typically appear 7-10 days after exposure but can develop up to 21 days after exposure. Symptoms range from mild illness with low-grade fever and occasional coughing in the early stage, to vomiting, exhaustion, and severe fits of rapid coughing in the later stage. Infants and children up to 4 years old are at highest risk, and typically suffer the most severe symptoms.

Advice

Visit a doctor to ensure vaccination against pertussis or immunity through previous infection. Practice basic health precautions. Call your medical provider if symptoms develop within three weeks of being in affected areas.