Guadeloupe: Elevated dengue fever activity reported territorywide through July

Event

Health authorities have reported elevated dengue fever activity nationwide in Guadeloupe, with more than 476 confirmed cases reported Jan. 1-July 9. This is compared to no confirmed cases reported over a similar period in 2022. Communes reporting confirmed cases of dengue fever between June 26-July 9 includes Les Abymes, Baie-Mahault, Basse-Terre, Capesterre-Belle-Eau, Gourbeyre, Saint-Claude, Saint-Francois, Sainte-Anne, and Trois-Rivieres. Health officials urge the public to seek immediate medical treatment if experiencing symptoms, and to use preventative measures including long clothes, and mosquito nets to limit transmission. This represents the most complete information available as of July 18.

Context

Dengue fever is a nationwide and year-round threat in Guadeloupe; however, transmission is typically highest July to January when environmental conditions are ideal for mosquito breeding. Guadeloupe reported roughly 790 dengue fever cases nationwide in 2022, 540 cases in 2021, and 19,407cases in 2020.

A dengue fever vaccine is available in some countries. It is only recommended for individuals with a history of dengue infection and in countries with high dengue fever burdens. Dengue fever is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Symptoms of dengue fever include a sudden onset of fever and at least one of the following: a severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pain, rash, easy bruising, and/or nose or gum bleeding. Symptoms typically appear 5-7 days after being bitten but can develop up to 10 days after exposure. Dengue fever can progress to a more severe form known as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF can be fatal if it is not recognized and treated promptly.

Advice

If you have previously been infected with dengue fever, consult with your physician regarding vaccination. Avoid mosquito bites and remove standing water to reduce the number of biting mosquitoes. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop within two weeks of being in affected areas. Do not use aspirin or ibuprofen products if dengue fever is suspected, as these could exacerbate bleeding tendencies associated with the disease.