French Guiana: Elevated dengue fever activity reported in multiple areas, especially Kourou, through August

Event

Health authorities have reported elevated dengue fever activity in multiple areas in French Guiana, with more than 590 confirmed cases reported Jan. 1-Aug. 13. This is compared to only two confirmed cases reported in 2022. Kourou (425 cases) is the most affected, followed by Cayenne (69 cases), the West Coast (58 cases), Maroni (22 cases), and Savanes (11 cases).

Health officials urge the public to take the necessary preventative measures against mosquito bites, including wearing long-sleeved clothing when outside, using mosquito repellent, making use of mosquito nets, and removing standing water. This represents the most complete information available as of Aug. 19.

Context

Dengue fever is a year-round, nationwide risk in French Guiana. Health authorities reported roughly two confirmed cases in French Guiana in 2022, 1,756 cases in 2021, 8,759 cases in 2020, and 250 cases in 2019.

A dengue fever vaccine is available in some countries. It is only recommended for individuals with a history of dengue infection and in countries with high dengue fever burdens. Dengue fever is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Symptoms of dengue fever include a sudden onset of fever and at least one of the following: a severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pain, rash, easy bruising, and/or nose or gum bleeding. Symptoms typically appear 5-7 days after being bitten but can develop up to 10 days after exposure. Dengue fever can progress to a more severe form known as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF can be fatal if it is not recognized and treated promptly.

Advice

If you have previously been infected with dengue fever, consult with your physician regarding vaccination. Avoid mosquito bites and remove standing water to reduce the number of biting mosquitoes. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop within two weeks of being in affected areas. Do not use aspirin or ibuprofen products if dengue fever is suspected, as these could exacerbate bleeding tendencies associated with the disease.