Mexico: Dengue fever outbreak

Event

At least 37,613 suspected cases of dengue fever, including 5660 confirmed cases and 15 deaths, have been reported in Mexico in 2017 (as of late September). The most affected areas include the states of Chiapas, Michoacán, Morelos, and Tampaulipas. It should be noted that the mosquito that carries the virus is not present in high-elevation areas, such as the capital Mexico City.

Context

Dengue fever is transmitted via the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Symptoms of dengue fever typically include fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, fatigue, nausea, and rash. Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a potentially deadly complication that is characterized by high fever, the enlargement of the liver and hemorrhaging. The disease is mostly found in urban and semi-urban areas. Be aware that aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen) should be avoided as these drugs may worsen bleeding issues associated with the diseases. Patients may be given doses of acetaminophen (paracetamol).

As a reminder, various other mosquito-borne diseases are present in the country, including malaria, notably in rural areas of Chiapas state, and Zika virus and chikungunya predominantly in the south.

Advice

Individuals in the above areas are advised to take measures to protect themselves from mosquito bites - e.g. by wearing loose, covering clothing, using insect repellent, and sleeping in a screened-in or in an air-conditioned room - and to eliminate possible mosquito breeding grounds.