US: Multiple cases of invasive meningococcal disease reported in Florida in April

Event

Health officials have reported at least 21 cases of invasive meningococcal disease in Florida as of April 2. This compared to 4 cases reported over a similar period in 2021. Cases have mostly occurred in central Florida with six cases in Orange Country, three cases in Leon and Lake counties, two cases in Miami-Dade and Brevard, and a single case in Hardee, Hillsborough, Osceola, Polk, and Seminole counties, respectively. According to health officials, the majority of the cases have occurred among adult men who have sex with men (MSM, as designated by the WHO). Investigations into these cases are ongoing. This represents the most complete data available as of April 13.

Context

Meningococcal disease is a potentially fatal bacterial infection spread by exposure to respiratory aerosols released when an infected person speaks, coughs, or sneezes. N. meningitidis transmission typically requires close or lengthy contact with an infected individual. Symptoms of meningococcal meningitis begin with sudden fever, headache, and stiff neck, often followed by nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light, and altered mental state. An alternative form of infection, meningococcal septicemia, causes symptoms including fatigue, vomiting and diarrhea, chills, severe muscle and joint pain, rapid breathing, and rash. Suspected meningococcal infections require prompt medical attention, as antibiotic treatment must be started early to be effective. Most strains of meningococcal disease can be prevented by vaccination.

Advice

Visit a doctor to discuss vaccination against meningococcal disease. Emphasize basic health precautions: Avoid close contact with individuals who appear ill, and wash hands regularly with soap and water. If soap and water are not available, use alcohol-based hand sanitizer.