Liberia: Elevated measles activity reported nationwide through May

Event

Liberian health officials report 1,954 suspected measles cases between Jan. 1-April 26, with at least 265 cases laboratory confirmed. This already surpassed the 572 suspected cases reported in 2021. Montserrado is the most-affected county, reporting more than half of the suspected cases, followed by Nimba, Grand Bassa, Margibi, and Lofa. This represents the most complete data available as of May 3.

Context

Measles is a recurring threat in Liberia, where vaccination rates are likely significantly lower than the 92-95-percent rate needed to prevent widespread community measles transmission. Liberia reported 1,044 measles cases during 2019, approximately 836 cases in 2020, and roughly 456 cases during 2021.

Measles is a very contagious viral disease that spreads through airborne droplets created when an infected individual coughs, sneezes, or speaks. Infected individuals can also expose people around them by contaminating surfaces with secretions from the nose, mouth, and throat. Symptoms of measles typically appear seven to 21 days after exposure, but patients become contagious up to five days before symptoms appear. Such symptoms generally include fever, cough, runny nose, red eyes, and a red rash that begins on the face and spreads downward. Serious complications - including pneumonia - can occur, especially in children younger than five years old, adults older than 20 years old, and people whose immune systems are weakened by other acute or chronic health conditions.

Advice

Visit a doctor to ensure vaccination against measles or immunity through previous infection. Emphasize basic health precautions, especially frequent hand washing with soap and water, or use of an alcohol-based hand sanitizer if soap and water are unavailable. If you suspect measles infection, call ahead before visiting a doctor to prevent the spread of the disease at clinics or hospitals.