Southeastern Europe: Heatwave forecast across the Balkans through at least July 27 /update 1

Event

Forecast models indicate that extremely high temperatures will persist across Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia through at least July 27. Maximum temperatures of 35-40 C (95-104 F) are expected in the coming days. The high temperatures could spark an increase in wildfire activity across the region, as well as pose a health threat to the general public.

As of July 21, the respective meteorological services of the affected countries have issued the following heat-related weather warnings:

• Red high-temperature warnings (the highest level on a three tier-scale): Eastern Serbia Region in Serbia.

• Orange high-temperature warnings: Across Bosnia and Herzegovina; Gospic, Karlovac, Knin, Rijeka, and Zagreb regions in Croatia; across Kosovo; across Montenegro; across North Macedonia; and across the rest of Serbia.

• Yellow high-temperature warnings: Dubrovnik, Osijek, and Split regions in Croatia.

Officials could update and possibly extend the coverage of the weather alerts over the coming hours and days.

Hazardous Conditions
The extended period of oppressive heat and dry conditions may produce ideal circumstances for additional wildfire growth throughout the region. Heatwaves also pose a threat to vulnerable groups - such as the elderly, children, pregnant women, and those with respiratory illnesses - due to the increased possibility of heat stroke or heat exhaustion during prolonged exposure to high temperatures. These health risks could also extend to relatively healthy individuals during significant heatwave events. In addition to significantly impacting athletes and those who work outdoors, high temperatures can cause problems for people using mass transit. The lack of air conditioning and cramped vehicles during rush hour may lead to some passengers being hospitalized for dehydration.

Transport and Utilities
Very high temperatures may warp rail tracks and force passenger and freight trains to operate at reduced speeds. Road surface damage is also possible, and overheated vehicles may worsen traffic problems in urban areas where congestion is already a problem. Commercial trucking disruptions might occur, as very high temperatures put more stress on engines, making tire blowouts more common. Major flight disruptions are unlikely at regional airports, but general aviation disruptions are possible, and some airfreight carriers could reduce cargo loads. High temperatures could lead to an increased demand for electricity, which might trigger localized brownouts or blackouts, exacerbating hazardous conditions when air conditioning is no longer possible.

Advice

Monitor local media for weather updates and related advisories. During heatwaves, remain indoors in air conditioning when possible. If outdoor activities are necessary, frequently rest in shaded areas; avoid activity during the hottest times of the day. Stay well-hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids. Avoid alcoholic beverages, which are dehydrating; drink water that is bottled or has been boiled. Wear loose-fitting, light-colored clothing. Cotton fabrics are more cooling than synthetics. Promptly seek medical attention if signs of heat exhaustion or heat stroke develop. Charge battery-powered devices in the case prolonged electricity outages occur.

Resources

Federal Hydrometeorological Institute of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service (DHMZ)
Montenegro Institute for Hydrometeorology and Seismology (ZHMS)
North Macedonia Hydrometeorological Service
Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia