Mexico: Elevated varicella activity reported nationwide through August

Event

Mexican health officials have reported 21,911 cases of varicella nationwide between Jan. 1-Aug. 27. This caseload is more than double the 9,244 cases reported over a similar period in 2021. Jalisco has reported the highest activity (2,370 cases), followed by Mexico State (1,903 cases) and Veracruz (1,529 cases). This represents the most complete information available as of Sept. 8.

Context

Varicella is considered an endemic risk worldwide. Mexico reported approximately 15,487 cases nationwide in 2021, 38,315 cases in 2020, and 109,844 cases in 2019.

Varicella is a very contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The VZV is transmitted through contact with virus particles from blisters or respiratory droplets created when an infected individual coughs, sneezes, or speaks. Chickenpox is the result of a primary varicella infection. Symptoms typically appear 14-16 days after exposure but can develop up to 21 days after exposure. The first sign of chickenpox in children is usually a rash; adults usually experience fever and malaise before getting a rash. Recovery from chickenpox usually results in lifetime immunity against a second occurrence. However, since the VZV remains latent in nerves, it can become reactivated and cause a recurrent infection known as herpes zoster, or shingles.

Advice

Visit a doctor to ensure vaccination against varicella or immunity through previous infection. Practice basic health precautions. Call your medical provider if symptoms develop within three weeks of being in affected areas.