Peru: Elevated dengue fever activity reported nationwide through April /update 1

Event

Health authorities have reported elevated dengue fever activity nationwide, with an additional 18,956 cases reported Feb. 27-April 2, bringing the total case count to 38,386 since Jan. 1. This is 1.4 times higher than the 14,172 cases reported over a similar period in 2022. Piura (8,054 cases) is the most affected department, followed by Ucayali (6,053 cases), Loreto (5,884 cases), San Martin (2,860 cases), Huanuco (1,743 cases), and June (1,582 cases). Health authorities continue to strengthen health services, epidemiological surveillance, and prevention and health promotion activities to prevent further transmission. This represents the most complete information available as of April 17.

Context

Dengue fever is a year-round threat in areas of Peru below 2,000 meters elevation; however, transmission is typically highest September-May when environmental conditions are ideal for mosquito breeding. Bolivia reported roughly 72,851 dengue fever cases nationwide in 2022, 49,274 cases in 2021, and 56,394 cases in 2020.

A dengue fever vaccine is available in some countries. It is only recommended for individuals with a history of dengue infection and in countries with high dengue fever burdens. Dengue fever is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Symptoms of dengue fever include a sudden onset of fever and at least one of the following: a severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pain, rash, easy bruising, and/or nose or gum bleeding. Symptoms typically appear 5-7 days after being bitten but can develop up to 10 days after exposure. Dengue fever can progress to a more severe form known as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF can be fatal if it is not recognized and treated promptly.

Advice

If you have previously been infected with dengue fever, consult with your physician regarding vaccination. Avoid mosquito bites and remove standing water to reduce the number of biting mosquitoes. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop within two weeks of being in affected areas. Do not use aspirin or ibuprofen products if dengue fever is suspected, as these could exacerbate bleeding tendencies associated with the disease.