MENA: Muslims to observe Ramadan April 13-May 13 regionwide /update 1

Event

Muslims in the Middle East and North Africa will begin their observance of the holy month of Ramadan on or around April 13, depending on the first sighting of the lunar crescent; exact start dates may vary locally by one to two days. During Ramadan, Muslims refrain from eating, drinking, and smoking from dawn until dusk. The end of Ramadan, marked by the Eid al-Fitr holiday, is expected to take place on or around May 13. Measures introduced by countries to halt the spread of the COVID-19, such as domestic and international travel restrictions, movement controls, business closures, nightly curfews, and bans on public gatherings, are all likely to impact festivities this year. Authorities will probably enhance monitoring and enforcement of COVID-19 restrictions; this could spark protests and associated sporadic, localized violence.

Although nonessential business operations could remain closed or limited as part of measures to contain COVID-19 in most countries, partial relaxation for retail outlets is possible around Eid Al-Fitr. Restaurants will likely continue providing carryout and delivery services. Panic-buying and bulk purchases could lead to localized shortages of essential items, such as food and fuel.

While practices generally vary by country, the widely observed religious introspection leads to slow-paced daylight hours, and the breaking of the fast leads to festive gatherings late into the night. Local businesses in the Middle East and North Africa typically operate on adjusted schedules to accommodate the holiday. Some diplomatic missions may have abbreviated hours. Overcrowding of public transportation and reduced availability of taxis are common in the hours surrounding iftar, the evening period when Muslims break their fast after sundown.

The Islamic State (IS) and other militant groups have conducted attacks during Ramadan, especially in Iraq. Additional security measures may also be put in place in other countries in the region during the holiday.

Advice

Remain respectful of Islamic traditions; do not eat or drink in the presence of Muslims during the daytime. Consider limiting exposure to possible militant target sites such as marketplaces, government buildings, and places of worship. Do not discuss sensitive political or religious matters in public.