Dominican Republic: Elevated dengue fever activity reported in southern provinces through October /update 1

Event

Authorities reported 449 additional dengue fever cases Aug. 22-Sept. 18. This is compared to 68 cases reported over a similar period in 2020. Since Jan. 1, a total of 1,570 dengue fever cases were reported in the Dominican Republic. Most cases were reported from Santo Domingo Province, followed by Distrito Nacional and Peravia. This represents the most complete data available as of Oct. 15.

Context

Health officials reported 3,964 cases of dengue fever in the Dominican Republic during 2020, 20,183 during 2019, and 1,558 during 2018. Dengue fever is considered a year-round and nationwide threat in the Dominican Republic, where the risk of infection is highest May-November.

A dengue fever vaccine is available in some countries. It is only recommended for individuals with a history of dengue infection and in a country with a high dengue fever burden. Dengue fever is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Symptoms of dengue fever include a sudden onset of fever and at least one of the following: severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, muscle or joint pain, rash, easy bruising, and nose or gum bleeding. Symptoms typically appear 5-7 days after being bitten but can develop up to 10 days after exposure. Dengue fever can progress to a more severe form known as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF can be fatal if it is not recognized and treated promptly.

Advice

If you have previously been infected with dengue fever, consult with your physician regarding vaccination. Avoid mosquito bites and remove standing water to reduce the number of biting mosquitoes. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop within two weeks of being in affected areas. Do not use aspirin or ibuprofen products if dengue fever is suspected, as these could exacerbate bleeding tendencies associated with the disease.