Portugal: Heatwave forecast to continue across mainland areas through at least July 17 /update 2

Event

Forecast models indicate the ongoing heatwave will persist across much of mainland Portugal through at least July 17. Temperatures above 40 C (104 F) have been experienced across much of the country in recent days, with high temperatures prevalent across some parts of the country since July 6. Similar temperatures are expected across most interior regions through July 17; however, temperatures will drop in some coastal areas from July 15. Alongside the high daytime maximum temperatures, minimum nighttime temperatures of above 20 C (68 F) are expected to continue in many areas.

The Portuguese Institute of the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA) has reported that six weather stations recorded all-time record high temperatures July 12 and 28 weather stations recorded their highest ever July temperature. The maximum air temperature was above 40 C (104 F) in 40-percent of the territory of Portugal July 12 and above 35 C (95 F) in 85-percent of the territory. The highest temperature recorded was 44.6 C (112.3 F) in Alvega in Santarem District. Amid the hot and dry conditions, dozens of wildfires have been ignited across the country in recent days. Authorities have declared a contingency situation across the country due to the extreme wildfire threat, which has been extended through to July 17.

As of July 14, the IPMA has issued the following warnings across mainland Portugal:

• Red high-temperature warnings (the highest level on a three-tier scale): Braga, Braganca, Castelo Branco, Guarda, Portalegre, Santarem, Vila Real, and Viseu districts.

• Orange high-temperature warnings: Aveiro, Beja. Coimbra, Evora, Leiria, Lisbon, Porto, Setubal, and Viana do Castelo districts.

• Yellow high-temperature warnings: Faro District.

Authorities will likely issue new alerts or update/rescind existing advisories as weather conditions change over the coming days.

Hazardous Conditions
The extended period of oppressive heat and dry conditions may produce ideal circumstances for additional wildfire growth throughout the region. Heatwaves also pose a threat to vulnerable groups - such as the elderly, children, pregnant women, and those with respiratory illnesses - due to the increased possibility of heat stroke or heat exhaustion during prolonged exposure to high temperatures. These health risks could also extend to relatively healthy individuals during significant heatwave events. In addition to significantly impacting athletes and those who work outdoors, high temperatures can cause problems for people using mass transit. The lack of air conditioning and cramped vehicles during rush hour may lead to some passengers being hospitalized for dehydration.

Transport and Utilities
Very high temperatures may warp rail tracks and force passenger and freight trains to operate at reduced speeds. Road surface damage is also possible, and overheated vehicles may worsen traffic problems in urban areas where congestion is already a problem. Commercial trucking disruptions might occur, as very high temperatures put more stress on engines, making tire blowouts more common. Major flight disruptions are unlikely at regional airports, but general aviation disruptions are possible, and some airfreight carriers could reduce cargo loads. High temperatures could lead to an increased demand for electricity, which might trigger localized brownouts or blackouts, exacerbating hazardous conditions when air conditioning is no longer possible.

Advice

Monitor local media for weather updates and related advisories. During heatwaves, remain indoors in air conditioning when possible. If outdoor activities are necessary, frequently rest in shaded areas; avoid activity during the hottest times of the day. Stay well-hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids. Avoid alcoholic beverages, which are dehydrating; drink water that is bottled or has been boiled. Wear loose-fitting, light-colored clothing. Cotton fabrics are more cooling than synthetics. Promptly seek medical attention if signs of heat exhaustion or heat stroke develop. Charge battery-powered devices in case prolonged electricity outages occur.

Resources

MeteoAlarm
Portuguese Institute of the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA)