Mexico: Elevated varicella activity reported in multiple states through June

Event

Mexican health officials have reported 6,378 varicella cases in central states between Jan. 1-June 11. This caseload is 1.7 times the 3,684 cases reported over a similar period in 2022. Mexico State has reported the highest activity (1,822 cases), followed by Mexico City (1,553 cases), Veracruz (1,005 cases), Sinaloa (818 cases), and Tamaulipas (725 cases). This represents the most complete information available as of June 27.

Context

Varicella is considered an endemic risk worldwide. Mexico reported approximately 15,487 cases nationwide in 2021, 38,315 cases in 2020, and 109,844 cases in 2019.

Varicella is a very contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The VZV is transmitted through contact with virus particles from blisters, or respiratory droplets created when an infected individual coughs, sneezes, or speaks. Chickenpox is the result of a primary varicella infection. Symptoms typically appear 14-16 days after exposure but can develop up to 21 days after exposure. The first sign of chickenpox in children is usually a rash; adults usually experience fever and malaise before getting a rash. Recovery from chickenpox usually results in lifetime immunity against a second occurrence. However, since the VZV remains latent in nerves, it can become reactivated and cause a recurrent infection known as herpes zoster or shingles.

Advice

Visit a doctor to ensure vaccination against varicella or immunity through previous infection. Practice basic health precautions. Call your medical provider if symptoms develop within three weeks of being in affected areas.