05 Dec 2023 | 12:14 PM UTC
Sudan: Elevated cholera activity reported in multiple areas, especially Al Qadarif State, in early December /update 3
Elevated cholera activity reported in multiple areas in Sudan, especially Al Qadarif State, in early December. Use food, water precautions.
Sudanese health authorities have reported elevated cholera activity in multiple areas, with an additional 2,653 suspected cases reported Nov. 9-Dec. 2, bringing the total case count to 5,178 suspected cases since Sept. 25. Al Qadarif (1,808 cases) is the most affected state, followed by Aj Jazirah (1,345 cases), Red Sea (684 cases), Khartoum (463 cases), White Nile (399 cases), South Kordofan (346 cases), Sennar (69 cases), Kassala (63 cases), and Blue Nile (1 case). Surveillance is ongoing in affected and high-risk areas to identify and address risk factors. Local and international health authorities are coordinating efforts to scale up the outbreak response, including improving access to clean water and sanitation facilities, and supporting the detection and treatment of cases. This report represents the most complete data available as of Dec. 5.
Consult a travel medicine provider regarding cholera vaccination before traveling to the country. Practice strict food and water precautions. Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms develop within a week of being in areas of high cholera transmission.
Cholera is transmitted directly through food or water contaminated with fecal material from an infected person. Most infected people develop no symptoms or only mild diarrhea. However, approximately one in 10 infected people develop severe cholera, which causes symptoms including profuse, watery diarrhea, vomiting, rapid heart rate, low blood pressure, muscle cramps, restlessness, or irritability. Symptoms typically appear two or three days after exposure but can develop up to five days after exposure. Individuals with severe cholera can develop acute renal failure, severe electrolyte imbalances, and coma. If left untreated, these can lead to shock and rapid death.
