Niger: Cholera outbreak continues in several states through August

Event

Authorities have reported 2,091 cholera cases March 13-Aug. 29 amidst an ongoing outbreak in several states. This is the first major outbreak in the country since 2018. Maradi (1,129 cases) reported the most cases, with disease activity also reported in Zinder, Tahoua, Niamey, Tillaberi, and Dosso. At least 75 deaths have been observed. Most cases can be linked to ongoing outbreaks in cross-border countries. This represents the most complete data available as of Sept. 1.

Context

Niger experienced a major cholera outbreak in 2018 when at least 3,824 cases and 78 deaths were reported. Ongoing heavy rains in the country are likely exacerbating the current epidemic.

Cholera is transmitted directly through food or water contaminated with fecal material from an infected person. Most infected people develop no symptoms or only mild diarrhea. However, approximately one in 10 infected people develop severe cholera, which causes symptoms including profuse, watery diarrhea, vomiting, rapid heart rate, low blood pressure, muscle cramps, restlessness, or irritability. Symptoms typically appear 2-3 days after exposure but can develop up to 5 days after exposure. Individuals with severe cholera can develop acute renal failure, severe electrolyte imbalances, and coma. If left untreated, these can lead to shock and rapid death.

Advice

Consult a travel medicine provider before departure regarding cholera vaccination. Practice strict food and water precautions. Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms develop within a week of being in affected areas.