Libya: Clashes reported near Libyan Passport Authority in central Tripoli late April 4

Event

Armed clashes between two rival militia groups reportedly took place near the Libyan Passport Authority on as-Sarim Street in Tripoli late April 4. At least three people were killed in the exchange of fire; further details about the incident remain unclear.

Authorities could deploy troops in and around the capital over the coming hours in response to the incident. Heightened security measures, including additional checkpoints along major routes, are possible. Further clashes between rival groups could occur with little-to-no warning.

Context

Exchanges of gunfire between rival militia groups are common in Tripoli and elsewhere in western Libya. Libyan Government of National Unity (GNU) Prime Minister Abdulhamid al-Dbeibah increased security in Tripoli March 10. The action came following the mobilization of forces aligned with the Government of National Solidarity (GNS) headed by Prime Minister Fathi Bashagha.

Political instability and civil unrest are likely to persist in Libya following the Parliament’s approval of a new government. On March 1, Libya’s parliament voted for a new government despite the incumbent prime minister’s rejection of the vote. Bashagha was selected as prime minister along with a new government consisting of three deputy prime ministers, 29 ministers, and six ministers of state. Parliament’s vote highlights the continuing power struggle with Dbeibah, who was installed through a UN-backed process in 2021.

Because Dbeibah has pledged not to cede power, the result of the March 1 vote will in all likelihood result in two parallel and competing administrations, which would almost certainly thwart UN efforts to ease political division in Libya. Previously, Libya was split between east- and west-based rival administrations supported by various militias and foreign actors. Bashagha’s new government risks triggering a new power struggle between the eastern-based assembly and Dbeibah's western-based interim government.

Advice

Exercise caution in Tripoli. Liaise with trusted contacts for updates. Avoid areas where armed forces appear to be gathering. Maintain contact with your diplomatic representation.