Colombia: Nationwide protests and strikes to continue through at least early June /update 8

Event

Disruptive anti-government protests that erupted in areas across Colombia during late April will likely continue through at least early June. Demonstrations, mostly led by unions, students, indigenous organizations, and agricultural workers, have taken place in all major cities nationwide, with thousands of protesters blocking major roads, marching on government buildings, and clashing with security forces; dozens of demonstrations continue to materialize unannounced every day, especially in Bogota, Cali, Medellin, Barranquilla, and Cundinamarca Department.

Clashes between demonstrators and police, as well as between demonstrators and armed civilians, and acts of looting and arson continue to occur, although less frequently than during the initial days of the unrest. Most of the violent actions occur during nighttime, in contrast with the larger demonstrations during the day which are mostly peaceful. Valle del Cauca Department, including its capital city Cali, has been the most affected by violence since the beginning of the protests.

Authorities continue to report dozens of roadblocks throughout the country, which are affecting most major metropolitan areas and impacting the distribution of fuel, medicines, and other basic goods.

In all, the Attorney General's Office has recorded 43 people killed in the unrest; more than 900 civilians and 900 police officers have been injured. Human rights organizations have recorded 59 killings, 32 of which were allegedly committed by security forces, with more than 2,300 people injured. Additionally, hundreds of vehicles, private businesses, government offices, and police stations have been set ablaze or otherwise vandalized by demonstrators.

Protests will likely continue to take place in major squares, outside government buildings, and along major thoroughfares. Large cities and intercity highways continue to be the areas most affected by the unrest. In Bogota, demonstrations have largely focused on Plaza de Bolivar. Frequent roadblocks and clashes have also been reported in Bosa, Usme, and Tunjuelito, as well as along multiple roads on the outskirts of the capital.

In Cali, southern areas of the city, including the Ciudad Jardin and La Luna neighborhoods, as well as Siloe in the west, have reported most of the protest activity; however, demonstrations have been widespread. In Medellin, protests occur routinely at Parque de los Deseos, as well as in the Robledo neighborhood and near university buildings. In Barranquilla, multiple rallies have occurred in Plaza de la Paz. There have also been related demonstrations, clashes, and roadblocks in Cundinamarca, Caldas, Santander, Norte de Santander, and Boyaca.

Shortages of basic goods remain possible in the coming days due to the large number of demonstrations planned along major highways. Fuel shortages are also likely.

Further clashes between demonstrators and security forces are likely. Police and military personnel could deploy water cannons and tear gas to disperse protesters. The use of live ammunition cannot be ruled out. Associated labor strikes may limit services in public offices, healthcare facilities, and essential businesses. Acts of looting and vandalism are likely, especially after dark.

Context

The unrest began on April 28 in opposition to a tax reform bill supported by President Ivan Duque's administration. While the government ultimately withdrew the draft law, protests have continued against other government policies, including the handling of the COVID-19 pandemic, among other issues.

Representatives of President Duque and leaders of the National Strike Committee have held several meetings since mid-May; however, they have been unable to reach significant agreements or to formally launch a negotiation process.

Advice

Avoid all protests. Do not attempt to cross any protester roadblocks; allow police to clear them before proceeding. Monitor local media for updates on the status of roads, as protest locations may not be announced in advance. Exit the area at the first sign of any confrontation.