Colombia: Demonstrations possible in certain major cities through at least early July /update 11

Event

Anti-government protests are possible in major cities in Colombia, especially Bogota, through at least early July. Unions, students, indigenous organizations, and agricultural workers have mostly led the nationwide demonstrations since they began in late April; many of the protests have been disruptive and some have devolved into violence, with clashes frequently reported between demonstrators and security forces. Since early June, the size and frequency of the protests have significantly decreased, as has the severity of associated disruptions.

Significant new surges in protest activity are unlikely over the coming days, and almost all the major roadblocks that significantly affected transport in May have been lifted. However, smaller groups of demonstrators have continued protesting and clashing with authorities in some major cities. Clashes have occurred in the Suba neighborhood of Bogota in recent days; one person was killed in the clashes late June 22.

Protests are possible along major roads, outside government buildings, and in major city squares. Transport disruptions are likely near demonstration sites. Clashes between demonstrators and police, as well as acts of looting and arson, may continue over the coming days; however, these incidents are likely to occur less frequently than during the initial days of the unrest. Most violent actions take place during hours of darkness.

The Attorney General's Office has confirmed that 24 people have been killed in and around the demonstrations, while another 11 killings are still under investigation. Human rights organizations have claimed a greater number of people have been killed and more than 2,000 others have been injured. Additionally, hundreds of vehicles, private businesses, government offices, and police stations have been set ablaze or otherwise vandalized by demonstrators. Authorities in Bogota indicate at least one third of the city's 2,400 public buses have been damaged during the weeks of protests.

Further clashes between demonstrators and security forces are possible. Police and military personnel could deploy water cannons and tear gas to disperse protesters. The use of live ammunition cannot be ruled out. Associated labor strikes may limit services in public offices, healthcare facilities, and essential businesses. Acts of looting and vandalism are likely, especially after dark.

Context

The unrest began on April 28 in opposition to a tax reform bill supported by President Ivan Duque's administration. While the government ultimately withdrew the draft law, protests continued against other government policies, including the handling of the COVID-19 pandemic and the response of the security forces against the demonstrators, among other issues.

Representatives of President Duque and leaders of the National Strike Committee have held several meetings since mid-May; however, no major agreements were reached. Members of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) visited Colombia in mid-June to meet with government leaders and opposition representatives, as well as human rights organizations and activists, to investigate allegations of human rights abuses.

Advice

Avoid all protests. Do not attempt to cross any protester roadblocks; allow police to clear them before proceeding. Monitor local media for updates on the status of roads, as protest locations may not be announced in advance. Exit the area at the first sign of any confrontation.