Colombia: Nationwide demonstrations likely to continue through at least late June /update 10

Event

Anti-government protests are likely to continue in multiple areas across Colombia through at least late June; however, the size and frequency of the demonstrations will likely continue to decrease. Unions, students, indigenous organizations, and agricultural workers have mostly led the demonstrations since they began in late April; many of the protests have been disruptive and some have devolved into violence, with clashes frequently reported between demonstrators and security forces. Since early June, the size, frequency, and disruption levels of the gatherings have been decreasing, and most roadblocks nationwide have been lifted. Significant new surges in protest activity are unlikely over the coming days.

Protests usually occur along major roads, outside government buildings, and in major city squares. Clashes between demonstrators and police, as well as between demonstrators and armed civilians, and acts of looting and arson could continue to occur, although less frequently than during the initial days of the unrest. Most of the violent actions take place during hours of darkness. Valle del Cauca Department, including the city of Cali, continues to be the area most affected by violence. On June 10, authorities confirmed that one person was killed during clashes in Cali's Siloe neighborhood.

According to the Attorney General's Office, a total of 48 people have been killed in the unrest - 20 of them directly related to the demonstrations - with more than 900 civilians and 900 police officers having been injured. Human rights organizations estimate the number of fatalities to be higher and the number of injuries at about 2,300. Additionally, hundreds of vehicles, private businesses, government offices, and police stations have been set ablaze or otherwise vandalized by demonstrators. Authorities in Bogota indicate at least one third of the city's 2,400 public buses have been damaged during the weeks of protests.

Further clashes between demonstrators and security forces are possible. Police and military personnel could deploy water cannons and tear gas to disperse protesters. The use of live ammunition cannot be ruled out. Associated labor strikes may limit services in public offices, healthcare facilities, and essential businesses. Acts of looting and vandalism are likely, especially after dark.

Context

The unrest began on April 28 in opposition to a tax reform bill supported by President Ivan Duque's administration. While the government ultimately withdrew the draft law, protests have continued against other government policies, including the handling of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the response of the security forces against the demonstrators, among other issues.

Representatives of President Duque and leaders of the National Strike Committee have held several meetings since mid-May; however, in recent days the meetings have been suspended, and no major agreements have been reached.

Members of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) visited Colombia in mid-June to meet with government leaders and opposition representatives, as well as human rights organizations and activists, to investigate allegations of human rights abuses.

Advice

Avoid all protests. Do not attempt to cross any protester roadblocks; allow police to clear them before proceeding. Monitor local media for updates on the status of roads, as protest locations may not be announced in advance. Exit the area at the first sign of any confrontation.