UK: Elevated measles activity reported in multiple areas, especially London through April /update 1

Event

International health officials have reported elevated measles activity across multiple areas in England and Wales, with a total of 450 cases reported from Jan. 1-May 21. This is compared to 261 cases reported over a similar period in 2022. London (190 cases) is the most affected area, reporting the highest disease activity, followed by North West (96 cases), Wales (87 cases), East of England (71 cases), South East (66 cases), and Yorkshire and the Humber (63 cases). Health officials recommend that parents ensure their children’s measles vaccinations are up to date. This report represents the most complete data available as of May 25.

Context

Measles vaccination coverage in the UK is estimated at 89.8 percent, much lower than the 92-95 percent required to prevent wider community transmission. Authorities reported 730 measles cases nationwide in 2022, 360 cases in 2021, and 695 cases in 2020.

Measles is a very contagious viral disease that spreads through respiratory droplets created when an infected individual coughs, sneezes or speaks. Infected individuals can also expose people around them by contaminating surfaces with secretions from the nose, mouth, and throat. Symptoms typically appear 7-14 days after exposure but can develop up to 21 days after exposure. Symptoms generally include fever, cough, runny nose, red eyes, and a red rash that begins on the face and spreads downward. Serious complications - including pneumonia - can occur, especially in children younger than five years old, adults older than 20 years old, and individuals with a weakened immune system.

Advice

Visit a doctor to ensure vaccination against measles or immunity through previous infection. Practice basic health precautions. Call your medical provider if symptoms develop within three weeks of being in affected areas.