Laos: Elevated dengue fever activity reported nationwide through June /update 1

Event

Health authorities have reported elevated dengue fever activity nationwide in Laos, with an additional 2,095 cases reported from May 17-June 13, bringing the total to 4,095 cases since Jan. 1. This is more than 6 times higher than the 669 cases reported over a similar period in 2022. Oudomxay Province (807 cases) is the most affected area, followed by Khammuan Province (638 cases), Xayaboury Province (375 cases), and the Vientiane Prefecture (359 cases). The Lao Ministry of Health has urged residents to implement preventative measures, such as clearing potential mosquito breeding sites around homes and workplaces to curb disease transmission. This represents the most complete information available as of June 15.

Context

Dengue fever is a nationwide, year-round threat in Laos; however, the risk is typically highest May-September during the monsoon season. Laos reported roughly 32,364 dengue fever cases nationwide in 2022, approximately 1,400 cases in 2021, and approximately 7,700 cases in 2020.

A dengue fever vaccine is available in some countries. It is only recommended for individuals with a history of dengue infection and in countries with high dengue fever burdens. Dengue fever is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Symptoms of dengue fever include a sudden onset of fever and at least one of the following: a severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pain, rash, easy bruising, and/or nose or gum bleeding. Symptoms typically appear 5-7 days after being bitten but can develop up to 10 days after exposure. Dengue fever can progress to a more severe form known as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF can be fatal if it is not recognized and treated promptly.

Advice

If you have previously been infected with dengue fever, consult with your physician regarding vaccination. Avoid mosquito bites and remove standing water to reduce the number of biting mosquitoes. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop within two weeks of being in affected areas. Do not use aspirin or ibuprofen products if dengue fever is suspected, as these could exacerbate bleeding tendencies associated with the disease.