Brazil: High temperatures forecast to persist across central, southern, western, and eastern regions through at least Oct. 1

Forecast models indicate that high temperatures will persist across parts of central, southern, western, and eastern Brazil through at least Oct. 1. As of late Sept. 24, the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) has issued orange heatwave warnings (the middle level on a three-tier scale) across far eastern Acre, southern Amazonas, southern Goias, southern and western Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, southern Minas Gerais, Parana, northern Rio Grande do Sul, Rondonia, most of Santa Catarina, and most of Sao Paulo states. Temperatures of more than 5 C (9 F) above the average for the time of year are forecast for three to five days. Yellow low humidity warnings are in place across the rest of the affected area. Officials could upgrade or expand the alerts as the heatwave develops over the coming days.

The high temperatures may result in increased energy and water demand and a heightened risk of heat-related illnesses, such as heat exhaustion and heat stroke. The extended period of oppressive heat and dry conditions may produce ideal circumstances for wildfire growth throughout the affected areas. Heatwaves also pose a threat to vulnerable groups - such as the elderly, children, pregnant women, and those with respiratory illnesses - due to the increased possibility of heat stroke or heat exhaustion during prolonged exposure to high temperatures. These health risks could also extend to relatively healthy individuals during significant heatwave events. In addition to significantly impacting athletes and those who work outdoors, high temperatures can cause problems for people using mass transit. The lack of air conditioning and cramped vehicles during rush hour may lead to some passengers being hospitalized for dehydration.

High temperatures may warp rail tracks and force passenger and freight trains to operate at reduced speeds. Road surface damage is also possible, and overheated vehicles may worsen traffic problems in urban areas where congestion is already a problem. Commercial trucking disruptions might occur, as very high temperatures put more stress on vehicles, making tire blowouts more common. Major flight disruptions are unlikely at regional airports, but general aviation disruptions are possible, and some airfreight carriers could reduce cargo loads. High temperatures could lead to an increased demand for electricity, which might trigger localized brownouts or blackouts, exacerbating hazardous conditions when air conditioning is no longer possible.