Iran: Pollution levels remain high in capital

Event

Air pollution has increased over the past few years in the capital Tehran and is responsible for more than 20,000 deaths of residents annually, according to the city council. Pollution levels have reportedly doubled since 2005, and have periodically resulted in business and school closures in the capital. Authorities have blamed outdated fuel-emitting vehicles for the rise in pollution.

Context

Pollution is a major problem in Tehran, where smog can become trapped by the presence of surrounding mountains, which limit air flow. The high number of vehicles on the road, heavy traffic congestion, and locally refined petrol contributes to the enduring pollution problem. Though air quality and emissions laws and regulations are in place aimed at limiting the number of vehicles on the road (notably the Clean Air Act, 1995), implementation and enforcement of these laws by the Iranian Environmental Protection Organization has been ineffective, according to the UN Environment Programme (UNEP).

Advice

Due to health risks associated with severe air pollution, it is advisable to limit outdoor activities, especially intense physical exertion. Pollution is especially hazardous to vulnerable individuals - e.g. children, seniors, pregnant women, and individuals suffering from asthma and other respiratory issues. If experiencing breathing difficulties, do not hesitate to seek medical attention, particularly if new symptoms appear (cough, sore throat, irritated eyes). Monitor the situation and follow any instructions issued by authorities.