Kazakhstan: Elevated measles activity reported nationwide in March

Event

Kazakh health officials have reported elevated measles activity, with 145 cases (75 confirmed cases) identified from Jan. 1-March 27. This is compared to the 10 cases reported nationwide in 2022. Of the confirmed cases, 52 were not vaccinated against measles, and 10 had an unknown history of vaccination. Kazakh health officials have implemented anti-epidemic measures in infection hotspots which aim to identify and vaccinate children who are not vaccinated against measles. This report represents the most complete data available as of March 28.

Context

Measles vaccination coverage in Kazakhstan was estimated at 97 percent in 2021, which is above the 92-95 percent required to prevent wider community transmission. Kazakhstan reported roughly 10 measles cases nationwide in 2022, two cases in 2021, and 3,270 cases in 2020.

Measles is a very contagious viral disease that spreads through respiratory droplets created when an infected individual coughs, sneezes or speaks. Infected individuals can also expose people around them by contaminating surfaces with secretions from the nose, mouth, and throat. Symptoms typically appear 7-14 days after exposure but can develop up to 21 days after exposure. Symptoms generally include fever, cough, runny nose, red eyes, and a red rash that begins on the face and spreads downward. Serious complications - including pneumonia - can occur, especially in children younger than five years old, adults older than 20 years old, and individuals with a weakened immune system.

Advice

Visit a doctor to ensure vaccination against measles or immunity through previous infection. Practice basic health precautions. Call your medical provider if symptoms develop within three weeks of being in affected areas.