Bolivia: Fears of water-borne diseases amid ongoing flooding /update 3

Event

On Monday, February 19, Bolivian health officials warned that recent flooding across the country could trigger outbreaks of water-borne diseases such as cholera. Authorities in the affected areas have reportedly implemented public health measures, such as inspections of foodstuffs, in a bid to prevent the spread of such diseases.

As of February 20, flooding sparked by torrential rain continues in much of Bolivia amid the ongoing rainy season. Orange flood alerts have been issued for river-adjacent areas across the country. A full list of affected areas is available at the SENAMHI website (the national weather service).

As of February 19, at least eight deaths have been reported, most of which occurred in Cochabamba department.

Context

Flooding is common in Bolivia during the rainy season (October to April) and can result in significant transportation disruptions, structural damage, and loss of life. Tens of thousands of people have been affected by the rains thus far this season in Bolivia, which have been persistent since November 2017.

Cholera, an infectious disease caused by the Vibrio cholerae bacterium, is typically spread via infected water supplies and induces acute diarrhea leading to severe dehydration, frequently resulting in death. The risk of death is greatest among people with compromised immune systems, such as malnourished children or those living with HIV. However, even among healthy adults, cholera can be fatal within a matter of hours.

Advice

Individuals present in Bolivia are advised to monitor local weather reports and adhere to any instructions issued by the local authorities. Remember that driving or walking through running water can be dangerous - 15 cm (6 in) of running water is enough to knock over an adult - and that floodwater may contain wastewater or chemical products; all items having come into contact with the water should be disinfected and all foodstuffs discarded.

To reduce the risk of contracting cholera and other water-borne diseases, wash hands regularly, drink only bottled or purified water, and avoid eating raw or undercooked foods. Individuals who believe they may have contracted cholera or another water-borne disease should seek immediate medical attention.