Bolivia: Elevated dengue fever activity reported nationwide, especially in Santa Cruz Department, through April /update 2

Event

Authorities in Bolivia have reported elevated dengue fever activity, with 59,829 additional suspected cases reported Feb. 13-March 27, bringing the total to more than 91,110 suspected cases, of which 17,372 cases are confirmed. This is 24 times higher than the 3,837 cases reported over a similar period in 2022. Santa Cruz (68,334 cases) is the most affected department, followed by Beni (7,098 cases), Tarija (8,053 cases), Chuquisaca (2,452 cases), La Paz (2,091 cases), Cochabamba (1,698 cases), and Pando (1,359 cases). This represents the most complete information available as of April 3.

Context

Dengue fever is a nationwide threat in Bolivia; however, transmission is typically highest November-March when environmental conditions are ideal for mosquito breeding. Bolivia reported roughly 16,544 dengue fever cases nationwide in 2022, 8,947 cases in 2021, and 111,347 cases in 2020.

A dengue fever vaccine is available in some countries. It is only recommended for individuals with a history of dengue infection and in countries with high dengue fever burdens. Dengue fever is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Symptoms of dengue fever include a sudden onset of fever and at least one of the following: a severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pain, rash, easy bruising, and/or nose or gum bleeding. Symptoms typically appear 5-7 days after being bitten but can develop up to 10 days after exposure. Dengue fever can progress to a more severe form known as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF can be fatal if it is not recognized and treated promptly.

Advice

If you have previously been infected with dengue fever, consult with your physician regarding vaccination. Avoid mosquito bites and remove standing water to reduce the number of biting mosquitoes. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop within two weeks of being in affected areas. Do not use aspirin or ibuprofen products if dengue fever is suspected, as these could exacerbate bleeding tendencies associated with the disease.