Bolivia: Elevated pertussis activity reported in multiple areas, especially Santa Cruz, through August

Event

Health officials have reported elevated pertussis activity across multiple areas in Bolivia, with more than 780 cases reported Jan. 1-Aug. 17. This is compared to the 223 cases reported in 2022. Santa Cruz (740 cases) is the most affected, followed by Beni (42 cases), Chuquisaca (4 cases), La Paz (1 case), Oruro (1 case), and Pando (1 case). Bolivian health officials are urging the public to get their children vaccinated against the disease to prevent disease transmission. This report represents the most complete data available as of Aug. 21.

Context

Diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus (DPT) vaccination coverage in Bolivia is estimated at 69 percent, which is well below the 92-94 percent required to prevent wider community transmission. Health officials have reported roughly 223 pertussis cases nationwide in Bolivia in 2022, no cases in 2021, 12 cases in 2020, and 29 cases in 2019.

Pertussis - also known as "whooping cough" - is a very contagious viral disease that spreads through respiratory droplets created when an infected individual coughs, sneezes, or speaks. Symptoms typically appear 7-10 days after exposure but can develop up to 21 days after exposure. Symptoms range from mild illness with low-grade fever and occasional coughing in the early stage, to vomiting, exhaustion, and severe fits of rapid coughing in the later stage. Infants and children up to 4 years old are at highest risk and typically suffer the most severe symptoms.

Advice

Visit a doctor to ensure vaccination against pertussis or immunity through previous infection. Practice basic health precautions. Call your medical provider if symptoms develop within three weeks of being in affected areas.