Mexico: Elevated varicella activity reported nationwide through March /update 2

Event

Mexican health officials have reported 20,825 varicella cases nationwide since Jan. 1. This caseload is more than eight times the 2,439 cases reported over a similar period in 2022. Jalisco has reported the highest activity (1,796 cases), followed by Mexico State (1,782 cases), Mexico City (1,685 cases), and Nuevo Leon (1,286 cases). This represents the most complete information available as of March 7.

Context

Varicella is considered an endemic risk worldwide. Mexico reported approximately 15,487 cases nationwide in 2021, 38,315 cases in 2020, and 109,844 cases in 2019.

Varicella is a very contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The VZV is transmitted through contact with virus particles from blisters or respiratory droplets created when an infected individual coughs, sneezes, or speaks. Chickenpox is the result of a primary varicella infection. Symptoms typically appear 14-16 days after exposure but can develop up to 21 days after exposure. The first sign of chickenpox in children is usually a rash; adults usually experience fever and malaise before getting a rash. Recovery from chickenpox usually results in lifetime immunity against a second occurrence. However, since the VZV remains latent in nerves, it can become reactivated and cause a recurrent infection known as herpes zoster, or shingles.

Advice

Visit a doctor to ensure vaccination against varicella or immunity through previous infection. Practice basic health precautions. Call your medical provider if symptoms develop within three weeks of being in affected areas.